|
Barton Warren Stone (December 24, 1772 – November 9, 1844) was an important American preacher during the early 19th-century Second Great Awakening in the United States. First ordained a Presbyterian minister, he and four other ministers of the Washington Presbytery resigned after arguments about doctrine and enforcement of policy by the Kentucky Synod. This was in 1803, after Stone had helped lead the mammoth Cane Ridge Revival, a several-day communion season attended by nearly 20,000 persons. Stone and the others briefly founded the Springfield Presbytery, which they dissolved the following year, resigning from the Presbyterian Church altogether. They formed what they called the Christian church, based on scripture rather than a creed representing the opinion of man. He later became allied with Alexander Campbell, a former Presbyterian minister who was also creating an independent path, sometimes allied with Baptists, and formed the Restoration Movement. Stone's followers were first called "New Lights" and "Stoneites". Later he and Campbell tried to bring groups together that relied solely on the Scriptures. The Stone Christian Churches and Churches of Christ and Campbell Disciples of Christ developed from this movement. ==Early life and education== Stone was born to John and Mary Warren Stone near Port Tobacco, Maryland on December 24, 1772.〔Douglas Allen Foster and Anthony L. Dunnavant, ''The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement: Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Christian Churches/Churches of Christ, Churches of Christ'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2004, ISBN 0-8028-3898-7, ISBN 978-0-8028-3898-8, 854 pages, entry on "Stone, Barton Warren"〕 His immediate family was upper-middle class, with connections to Maryland's upper class of planters.〔 The first Protestant governor of Maryland, William Stone, was an ancestor and one of the signers of the United States Declaration of Independence; Thomas Stone was his second cousin.〔 Mary Stone was a member of the Church of England and Barton had been christened by a priest named Thomas Thornton.〔 After Barton's father died in 1775, his mother moved the family to Pittsylvania County, Virginia in 1779, then on the frontier.〔 After the move to the Virginia frontier during the war, Mary joined the Methodists.〔Dr. Adron Doran, ''Restoring New Testament Christianity: Featuring Alexander Campbell, Thomas Campbell, Barton W. Stone, and Hall L. Calhoun,'' 21st Century Christian, 1997〕 Barton was not himself notably religious as a young man; he found the competing claims of the Episcopalians, Baptists and Methodists confusing, and was much more interested in politics.〔 Barton entered the Guilford Academy in North Carolina in 1790.〔 While there, Stone heard James McGready (an evangelical Presbyterian minister) speak.〔 A few years later, he was ordained as a Presbyterian minister.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barton W. Stone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|